( NEW ) Science

Question 1: What is the primary function of red blood cells in the human body?

Options:

A. To fight infection

B. To carry oxygen

C. To clot blood

D. To remove waste products

Answer: B. To carry oxygen

Explanation: Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and return carbon dioxide to the lungs, enabled by hemoglobin which binds to oxygen.

 

Question 2: What is the boiling point of water at sea level?

Options:

A. 100°C

B. 90°C

C. 80°C

D. 120°C

Answer: A. 100°C

Explanation: At sea level, water boils at 100 degrees Celsius due to the standard atmospheric pressure.

 

Question 3: Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

Options:

A. Mars

B. Venus

C. Jupiter

D. Saturn

Answer: A. Mars

Explanation: Mars is called the Red Planet due to its reddish appearance, which is caused by iron oxide or rust on its surface.

 

Question 4: What is the basic unit of life?

Options:

A. Cell

B. Atom

C. Molecule

D. Organ

Answer: A. Cell

Explanation: The cell is the basic unit of life, as it is the smallest unit capable of independent existence and performing the essential functions of life.

 

Question 5: What gas do plants release during photosynthesis?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon dioxide

C. Nitrogen

D. Hydrogen

Answer: A. Oxygen

Explanation: During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a by-product.

 

Question 6: What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?

Options:

A. Diamond

B. Quartz

C. Gold

D. Iron

Answer: A. Diamond

Explanation: Diamond is the hardest natural substance on Earth, known for its unparalleled hardness and durability.

 

Question 7: What force keeps the planets in orbit around the sun?

Options:

A. Gravity

B. Electromagnetic force

C. Nuclear force

D. Friction

Answer: A. Gravity

Explanation: Gravity, the force of attraction between two masses, keeps planets in orbit around the sun.

 

Question 8: What is the chemical symbol for water?

Options:

A. W

B. H2O

C. O2

D. HO

Answer: B. H2O

Explanation: The chemical symbol for water is H2O, indicating two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.

 

Question 9: What part of the plant conducts photosynthesis?

Options:

A. Roots

B. Stems

C. Leaves

D. Flowers

Answer: C. Leaves

Explanation: Leaves are the primary site of photosynthesis in plants, where they convert light energy into chemical energy.

 

Question 10: What is the most abundant gas in the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon Dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: B. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, making up about 78% of the air by volume.

 

Question 11: What is the chemical formula for table salt?

Options:

A. NaCl

B. KCl

C. H2O

D. CO2

Answer: A. NaCl

Explanation: The chemical formula for table salt is NaCl, which stands for sodium chloride.

 

Question 12: What phenomenon causes the skin to tan when exposed to sunlight?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Melanin production

C. Dehydration

D. Vitamin D synthesis

Answer: B. Melanin production

Explanation: The skin tans due to increased melanin production, a natural response to protect against UV radiation from sunlight.

 

Question 13: Which vitamin is primarily obtained from sunlight?

Options:

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin B12

C. Vitamin C

D. Vitamin D

Answer: D. Vitamin D

Explanation: Vitamin D is primarily obtained through skin exposure to sunlight, which triggers its synthesis.

 

Question 14: What is the powerhouse of the cell?

Options:

A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondria

C. Ribosome

D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: B. Mitochondria

Explanation: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, generating most of the cell’s supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

 

Question 15: Which element is essential for the construction of bones and teeth?

Options:

A. Iron

B. Calcium

C. Sodium

D. Potassium

Answer: B. Calcium

Explanation: Calcium is essential for the construction and maintenance of bones and teeth in the body.

 

Question 16: What is the largest organ of the human body?

Options:

A. Heart

B. Liver

C. Skin

D. Kidney

Answer: C. Skin

Explanation: The skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving as a protective barrier and playing a role in temperature regulation.

 

Question 17: What is the main gas found in the air we exhale?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: The main gas found in the air we exhale is carbon dioxide, a byproduct of cellular respiration.

 

Question 18: Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

Options:

A. Gold

B. Iron

C. Mercury

D. Aluminum

Answer: C. Mercury

Explanation: Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at standard room temperature and pressure.

 

Question 19: In what part of the plant does photosynthesis primarily take place?

Options:

A. Flowers

B. Stems

C. Leaves

D. Roots

Answer: C. Leaves

Explanation: Photosynthesis primarily takes place in the leaves of plants, where cells contain chlorophyll.

 

Question 20: What type of blood cells are responsible for clotting?

Options:

A. Red blood cells

B. White blood cells

C. Platelets

D. Plasma cells

Answer: C. Platelets

Explanation: Platelets are the type of blood cells responsible for clotting, helping to prevent excessive bleeding.

 

Question 21: Which gas is most responsible for global warming?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon Dioxide

D. Methane

Answer: C. Carbon Dioxide

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is considered the most significant greenhouse gas contributing to global warming due to its abundance and longevity in the atmosphere.

 

Question 22: What is the primary source of energy for the Earth’s climate system?

Options:

A. Wind energy

B. The Sun

C. Geothermal energy

D. Ocean currents

Answer: B. The Sun

Explanation: The Sun is the primary source of energy for the Earth’s climate system, providing the heat and light that drive weather and climate patterns.

 

Question 23: What type of celestial body is the Sun?

Options:

A. Planet

B. Star

C. Asteroid

D. Comet

Answer: B. Star

Explanation: The Sun is a star, a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity.

 

Question 24: What is the term for the amount of matter in an object?

Options:

A. Weight

B. Density

C. Mass

D. Volume

Answer: C. Mass

Explanation: Mass is the term used to describe the amount of matter in an object, distinct from its weight, which is influenced by gravity.

 

Question 25: What is the process by which plants absorb water from the soil?

Options:

A. Transpiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Osmosis

D. Respiration

Answer: C. Osmosis

Explanation: Osmosis is the process by which water is absorbed by plant roots from the soil, involving the movement of water from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated one through a semi-permeable membrane.

 

Question 26: What layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

Options:

A. Troposphere

B. Stratosphere

C. Mesosphere

D. Thermosphere

Answer: B. Stratosphere

Explanation: The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere, the second layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, where it absorbs and scatters ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

 

Question 27: What is the most common state of matter in the universe?

Options:

A. Solid

B. Liquid

C. Gas

D. Plasma

Answer: D. Plasma

Explanation: Plasma is the most common state of matter in the universe, found in stars, including the sun, and in interstellar space.

 

Question 28: What is the chemical symbol for gold?

Options:

A. Au

B. Ag

C. Fe

D. Cu

Answer: A. Au

Explanation: The chemical symbol for gold is Au, derived from the Latin word for gold, “aurum.”

 

Question 29: Which planet in our solar system is known for having rings?

Options:

A. Mars

B. Jupiter

C. Saturn

D. Neptune

Answer: C. Saturn

Explanation: Saturn is known for its prominent ring system, consisting of ice particles, rocky debris, and dust.

 

Question 30: What is the term for the study of the interaction between organisms and their environment?

Options:

A. Biology

B. Ecology

C. Geology

D. Meteorology

Answer: B. Ecology

Explanation: Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.

 

Question 31: Which organ in the human body is responsible for filtering blood?

Options:

A. Heart

B. Liver

C. Kidney

D. Lungs

Answer: C. Kidney

Explanation: The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood, removing waste products and excess substances, and maintaining the body’s fluid balance.

 

Question 32: What is the term for the speed at which light travels in a vacuum?

Options:

A. Light speed

B. Velocity

C. Wave speed

D. Sound speed

Answer: A. Light speed

Explanation: The speed at which light travels in a vacuum is known as light speed, approximately 299,792 kilometers per second.

 

Question 33: What is the primary gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon Dioxide

C. Nitrogen

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the primary gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, making up about 78% of the air.

 

Question 34: Which element is the basic building block of proteins?

Options:

A. Carbon

B. Hydrogen

C. Nitrogen

D. Oxygen

Answer: A. Carbon

Explanation: Carbon is the basic building block of proteins, as well as other organic molecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.

 

Question 35: What causes the phases of the Moon?

Options:

A. The Earth’s shadow

B. The Moon’s rotation

C. The Sun’s rotation

D. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth

Answer: D. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth

Explanation: The phases of the Moon are caused by its orbit around the Earth, changing the portion of the Moon illuminated by the Sun that we can see from Earth.

 

Question 36: What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?

Options:

A. CO

B. CO2

C. C2O

D. C2O2

Answer: B. CO2

Explanation: The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2, indicating one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

 

Question 37: What type of blood cells fight infection?

Options:

A. Red blood cells

B. White blood cells

C. Platelets

D. Plasma cells

Answer: B. White blood cells

Explanation: White blood cells are the type of blood cells that fight infection, playing a key role in the immune system.

 

Question 38: What is the term for the change of a substance from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state?

Options:

A. Melting

B. Freezing

C. Evaporation

D. Sublimation

Answer: D. Sublimation

Explanation: Sublimation is the process where a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without becoming liquid.

 

Question 39: Which vitamin is important for vision and healthy skin?

Options:

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin B

C. Vitamin C

D. Vitamin D

Answer: A. Vitamin A

Explanation: Vitamin A is important for vision, especially in low-light conditions, and for maintaining healthy skin and other tissues.

 

Question 40: What phenomenon explains why the sky is blue?

Options:

A. Reflection

B. Refraction

C. Diffraction

D. Rayleigh scattering

Answer: D. Rayleigh scattering

Explanation: Rayleigh scattering causes the sky to appear blue, as shorter (blue) wavelengths of light are scattered more efficiently than longer wavelengths by the gases in the Earth’s atmosphere.

 

Question 41: What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Mineral

Answer: C. Igneous

Explanation: Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

 

Question 42: What is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element?

Options:

A. Molecule

B. Atom

C. Compound

D. Ion

Answer: B. Atom

Explanation: An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of that element.

 

Question 43: What force is responsible for the tides in Earth’s oceans?

Options:

A. Wind

B. Sun’s gravity

C. Moon’s gravity

D. Earth’s rotation

Answer: C. Moon’s gravity

Explanation: The Moon’s gravitational pull is primarily responsible for the tides in Earth’s oceans.

 

Question 44: What is the term for water vapor turning into liquid?

Options:

A. Evaporation

B. Condensation

C. Precipitation

D. Sublimation

Answer: B. Condensation

Explanation: Condensation is the process of water vapor turning into liquid form.

 

Question 45: What element is central to all organic molecules?

Options:

A. Hydrogen

B. Oxygen

C. Carbon

D. Nitrogen

Answer: C. Carbon

Explanation: Carbon is central to all organic molecules, forming the backbone of these compounds.

 

Question 46: What is the term for the amount of space an object occupies?

Options:

A. Mass

B. Density

C. Volume

D. Weight

Answer: C. Volume

Explanation: Volume is the term used to describe the amount of space that an object occupies.

 

Question 47: Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere is closest to the surface?

Options:

A. Troposphere

B. Stratosphere

C. Mesosphere

D. Thermosphere

Answer: A. Troposphere

Explanation: The troposphere is the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere closest to the surface.

 

Question 48: What is the primary component of the Sun?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Hydrogen

C. Helium

D. Carbon

Answer: B. Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the primary component of the Sun, making up most of its mass.

 

Question 49: Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the human body?

Options:

A. Lung

B. Liver

C. Heart

D. Kidney

Answer: C. Heart

Explanation: The heart is the organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the human body.

 

Question 50: What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Silicon

C. Aluminum

D. Iron

Answer: A. Oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, making up a significant portion of its composition.

 

Question 51: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Options:

A. Ionic bond

B. Covalent bond

C. Metallic bond

D. Hydrogen bond

Answer: B. Covalent bond

Explanation: A covalent bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

 

Question 52: What is the process by which green plants create energy from sunlight?

Options:

A. Respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Fermentation

D. Digestion

Answer: B. Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.

 

Question 53: What is the primary function of the human brain?

Options:

A. Digestion

B. Muscle coordination

C. Sensory processing

D. Cognitive functions

Answer: D. Cognitive functions

Explanation: The primary function of the human brain is cognitive functions, including thinking, perceiving, and understanding.

 

Question 54: Which planet is closest to the sun?

Options:

A. Venus

B. Earth

C. Mars

D. Mercury

Answer: D. Mercury

Explanation: Mercury is the planet closest to the sun in our solar system.

 

Question 55: What is the term for a change in a species over time?

Options:

A. Metamorphosis

B. Evolution

C. Mutation

D. Adaptation

Answer: B. Evolution

Explanation: Evolution is the term for the process of change in a species over time through natural selection.

 

Question 56: What is the unit of measure for electric current?

Options:

A. Volt

B. Ampere

C. Watt

D. Ohm

Answer: B. Ampere

Explanation: The ampere is the unit of measure for electric current.

 

Question 57: What type of animal is a dolphin?

Options:

A. Fish

B. Reptile

C. Mammal

D. Amphibian

Answer: C. Mammal

Explanation: Dolphins are mammals, characterized by their warm-blooded nature, ability to bear live young, and feed them with milk.

 

Question 58: What is the main component of the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Argon

Answer: B. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the main component of the Earth’s atmosphere, making up about 78%.

 

Question 59: What part of a plant is responsible for absorbing water and nutrients?

Options:

A. Leaves

B. Stem

C. Roots

D. Flowers

Answer: C. Roots

Explanation: Roots are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.

 

Question 60: What is the name of the galaxy that contains our solar system?

Options:

A. Andromeda Galaxy

B. Milky Way Galaxy

C. Whirlpool Galaxy

D. Triangulum Galaxy

Answer: B. Milky Way Galaxy

Explanation: Our solar system is located in the Milky Way Galaxy.

 

Question 61: What phenomenon causes the Northern and Southern Lights?

Options:

A. Lunar reflection

B. Solar winds

C. Earth’s magnetic field

D. Oceanic reflection

Answer: B. Solar winds

Explanation: The Northern and Southern Lights, or auroras, are caused by solar winds interacting with the Earth’s magnetic field and atmosphere.

 

Question 62: What is the primary function of DNA in cells?

Options:

A. Energy production

B. Protein synthesis

C. Genetic information storage

D. Digestion of food

Answer: C. Genetic information storage

Explanation: DNA’s primary function in cells is to store genetic information, which guides the development and functioning of living organisms.

 

Question 63: Which layer of the Earth is made up of tectonic plates?

Options:

A. Crust

B. Mantle

C. Core

D. Lithosphere

Answer: A. Crust

Explanation: The Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the crust that move over the mantle.

 

Question 64: What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Options:

A. Veins

B. Arteries

C. Capillaries

D. Valves

Answer: B. Arteries

Explanation: Arteries are the type of blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body.

 

Question 65: What is the main chemical compound that makes up the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon dioxide

C. Nitrogen

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the main chemical compound that makes up about 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere.

 

Question 66: What is the term for an animal that eats both plants and animals?

Options:

A. Herbivore

B. Carnivore

C. Omnivore

D. Detritivore

Answer: C. Omnivore

Explanation: Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and animals, such as humans, bears, and pigs.

 

Question 67: What process do plants use to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen?

Options:

A. Cellular respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Fermentation

D. Digestion

Answer: B. Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process plants use to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight.

 

Question 68: What is the primary component of stars?

Options:

A. Rock

B. Ice

C. Gas

D. Plasma

Answer: D. Plasma

Explanation: The primary component of stars, including our Sun, is plasma, a state of matter where atoms have been ionized.

 

Question 69: What is the most abundant element in the universe?

Options:

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Oxygen

D. Carbon

Answer: A. Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, making up approximately 75% of all baryonic mass.

 

Question 70: What phenomenon explains why we have different seasons on Earth?

Options:

A. The Earth’s rotation on its axis

B. The Earth’s revolution around the Sun

C. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth

D. The tilt of the Earth’s axis

Answer: D. The tilt of the Earth’s axis

Explanation: The different seasons on Earth are primarily due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis as it orbits the Sun, leading to varying angles of sunlight.

 

Question 71: What is the term for the process of liquid changing into vapor?

Options:

A. Condensation

B. Evaporation

C. Freezing

D. Melting

Answer: B. Evaporation

Explanation: Evaporation is the process of a liquid changing into vapor or gas, typically as a result of heat.

 

Question 72: What is the primary gas released by volcanoes?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: The primary gas released by volcanoes is carbon dioxide, along with other gases like sulfur dioxide and water vapor.

 

Question 73: Which planet in our solar system is known for its Great Red Spot?

Options:

A. Mars

B. Jupiter

C. Saturn

D. Venus

Answer: B. Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter is known for its Great Red Spot, a giant storm that has been ongoing for at least 400 years.

 

Question 74: What type of rock is formed by the deposition and cementation of material at the Earth’s surface and within bodies of water?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Crystalline

Answer: A. Sedimentary

Explanation: Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of material at the Earth’s surface and in bodies of water.

 

Question 75: What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

Options:

A. O

B. Ox

C. O2

D. O3

Answer: A. O

Explanation: The chemical symbol for oxygen is O, representing the element in its pure form.

 

Question 76: Which gas is essential for human respiration?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon dioxide

C. Nitrogen

D. Hydrogen

Answer: A. Oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen is essential for human respiration, as it is used by cells to release energy from food.

 

Question 77: What is the largest planet in our solar system?

Options:

A. Earth

B. Jupiter

C. Saturn

D. Neptune

Answer: B. Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets combined.

 

Question 78: What is the term for the smallest particle of a compound that has the chemical properties of that compound?

Options:

A. Atom

B. Molecule

C. Ion

D. Element

Answer: B. Molecule

Explanation: A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound that retains the chemical properties of that compound.

 

Question 79: What is the process by which living organisms produce energy in the absence of oxygen?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Fermentation

C. Respiration

D. Oxidation

Answer: B. Fermentation

Explanation: Fermentation is the process by which living organisms produce energy in the absence of oxygen, often resulting in the production of alcohol or lactic acid.

 

Question 80: What is the term for the study of how living organisms interact with each other and their environment?

Options:

A. Biology

B. Ecology

C. Zoology

D. Botany

Answer: B. Ecology

Explanation: Ecology is the study of the relationships and interactions between living organisms and their environment.

 

Question 81: What type of cell division is used for growth and repair in the body?

Options:

A. Meiosis

B. Mitosis

C. Binary fission

D. Budding

Answer: B. Mitosis

Explanation: Mitosis is the type of cell division used for growth and repair in the body, producing two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

 

Question 82: What element is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Options:

A. Iron

B. Calcium

C. Potassium

D. Magnesium

Answer: A. Iron

Explanation: Iron is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells, which is crucial for transporting oxygen in the blood.

 

Question 83: What is the term for the energy stored in chemical bonds?

Options:

A. Kinetic energy

B. Potential energy

C. Thermal energy

D. Chemical energy

Answer: D. Chemical energy

Explanation: Chemical energy is the term for the energy stored in chemical bonds, released during chemical reactions.

 

Question 84: What gas is produced during cellular respiration?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is produced during cellular respiration as a waste product when cells convert glucose into energy.

 

Question 85: What planet is known as the Earth’s twin because of its similar size and proximity?

Options:

A. Mars

B. Venus

C. Jupiter

D. Mercury

Answer: B. Venus

Explanation: Venus is known as the Earth’s twin due to its similar size and proximity to Earth.

 

Question 86: Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains most of the weather phenomena?

Options:

A. Troposphere

B. Stratosphere

C. Mesosphere

D. Thermosphere

Answer: A. Troposphere

Explanation: The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere and contains most of the weather phenomena, like rain and clouds.

 

Question 87: What type of rock is formed by the transformation of existing rock types through heat and pressure?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Crystalline

Answer: B. Metamorphic

Explanation: Metamorphic rocks are formed through the transformation of existing rock types under heat and pressure.

 

Question 88: What is the term for the motion of an object around another object?

Options:

A. Rotation

B. Revolution

C. Orbit

D. Spin

Answer: C. Orbit

Explanation: Orbit is the term for the motion of an object around another object, like the Earth orbiting the Sun.

 

Question 89: What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plants?

Options:

A. Absorbing water

B. Absorbing sunlight

C. Producing oxygen

D. Storing energy

Answer: B. Absorbing sunlight

Explanation: Chlorophyll’s primary function in plants is to absorb sunlight, which is used in photosynthesis to produce energy.

 

Question 90: What is the most common isotope of hydrogen?

Options:

A. Deuterium

B. Tritium

C. Protium

D. Helium

Answer: C. Protium

Explanation: Protium is the most common isotope of hydrogen, consisting of one proton and no neutrons in the nucleus.

 

Question 91: What is the term for a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction?

Options:

A. Catalyst

B. Reactant

C. Product

D. Enzyme

Answer: A. Catalyst

Explanation: A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being consumed or altered in the process.

 

Question 92: What is the term for the transition from a gas to a solid without passing through a liquid phase?

Options:

A. Condensation

B. Sublimation

C. Deposition

D. Freezing

Answer: C. Deposition

Explanation: Deposition is the process where a gas transitions directly to a solid without passing through a liquid phase.

 

Question 93: What is the largest type of blood vessel in the human body?

Options:

A. Artery

B. Vein

C. Capillary

D. Aorta

Answer: D. Aorta

Explanation: The aorta is the largest type of blood vessel in the human body, carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

 

Question 94: What layer of the Earth’s atmosphere directly above the stratosphere?

Options:

A. Troposphere

B. Mesosphere

C. Thermosphere

D. Exosphere

Answer: B. Mesosphere

Explanation: The mesosphere is the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere that lies directly above the stratosphere.

 

Question 95: What is the process by which a solid turns directly into a gas?

Options:

A. Freezing

B. Sublimation

C. Condensation

D. Evaporation

Answer: B. Sublimation

Explanation: Sublimation is the process by which a solid turns directly into a gas without first becoming liquid.

 

Question 96: Which gas is essential for photosynthesis in plants?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis in plants, as it is one of the raw materials used to produce glucose and oxygen.

 

Question 97: What is the term for the balance between heat produced and lost in the body?

Options:

A. Metabolism

B. Homeostasis

C. Thermoregulation

D. Endothermy

Answer: C. Thermoregulation

Explanation: Thermoregulation is the term for the process of maintaining a balance between heat production and heat loss in the body.

 

Question 98: What is the most abundant gas in the universe?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Helium

C. Hydrogen

D. Nitrogen

Answer: C. Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the most abundant gas in the universe, making up the majority of the observable universe’s baryonic mass.

 

Question 99: What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

Options:

A. Transpiration

B. Evaporation

C. Condensation

D. Respiration

Answer: A. Transpiration

Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere, primarily through their leaves.

 

Question 100: What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

Options:

A. Atomic number

B. Mass number

C. Electron number

D. Neutron number

Answer: A. Atomic number

Explanation: The atomic number is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which defines the chemical element.

 

Question 101: What is the term for the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another?

Options:

A. Reflection

B. Refraction

C. Diffraction

D. Dispersion

Answer: B. Refraction

Explanation: Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in its speed.

 

Question 102: Which vitamin is known for its role in blood clotting?

Options:

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin B12

C. Vitamin C

D. Vitamin K

Answer: D. Vitamin K

Explanation: Vitamin K is known for its essential role in blood clotting processes in the body.

 

Question 103: What is the primary gas in the Sun’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Oxygen

D. Carbon dioxide

Answer: A. Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the primary gas in the Sun’s atmosphere, making up most of its mass and fueling nuclear fusion reactions.

 

Question 104: What organ is responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs in the human body?

Options:

A. Kidney

B. Liver

C. Heart

D. Lungs

Answer: B. Liver

Explanation: The liver is responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs, as well as playing a vital role in various other metabolic processes.

 

Question 105: What type of rock results from the cooling of lava on the Earth’s surface?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Basalt

Answer: C. Igneous

Explanation: Igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of lava on the Earth’s surface.

 

Question 106: What is the term for a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?

Options:

A. Compound

B. Mixture

C. Element

D. Solution

Answer: C. Element

Explanation: An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

 

Question 107: What is the primary function of the small intestine in the human body?

Options:

A. Absorption of nutrients

B. Water absorption

C. Digestion of food

D. Waste elimination

Answer: A. Absorption of nutrients

Explanation: The primary function of the small intestine is the absorption of nutrients from digested food.

 

Question 108: Which planet has the most moons in our solar system?

Options:

A. Earth

B. Mars

C. Jupiter

D. Saturn

Answer: C. Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter has the most moons of any planet in our solar system, with a total of 79 known moons.

 

Question 109: What is the term for the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment?

Options:

A. Metabolism

B. Homeostasis

C. Osmoregulation

D. Thermoregulation

Answer: B. Homeostasis

Explanation: Homeostasis is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment, essential for proper functioning.

 

Question 110: What phenomenon is responsible for the blue color of the ocean?

Options:

A. Reflection of the sky

B. Absorption and scattering of light

C. Presence of algae

D. Depth of the water

Answer: B. Absorption and scattering of light

Explanation: The blue color of the ocean is primarily due to the absorption and scattering of light by the water molecules.

 

Question 111: What is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that the body can use?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Digestion

C. Respiration

D. Circulation

Answer: B. Digestion

Explanation: Digestion is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body.

 

Question 112: What type of animal is classified as an arthropod?

Options:

A. Fish

B. Bird

C. Insect

D. Mammal

Answer: C. Insect

Explanation: Insects are classified as arthropods, characterized by their exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed appendages.

 

Question 113: What is the term for the amount of matter in an object?

Options:

A. Weight

B. Mass

C. Density

D. Volume

Answer: B. Mass

Explanation: Mass is the term for the amount of matter in an object, distinct from weight, which is the force exerted by gravity on that object.

 

Question 114: What gas do plants primarily take in during photosynthesis?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Hydrogen

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Plants primarily take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, using it along with water to produce glucose and oxygen.

 

Question 115: What is the name of the force that objects exert on each other due to their mass?

Options:

A. Electromagnetic force

B. Gravitational force

C. Nuclear force

D. Frictional force

Answer: B. Gravitational force

Explanation: The gravitational force is the force that objects exert on each other due to their mass, attracting them towards each other.

 

Question 116: What is the term for a reaction in which energy is released?

Options:

A. Endothermic reaction

B. Exothermic reaction

C. Catalytic reaction

D. Reversible reaction

Answer: B. Exothermic reaction

Explanation: An exothermic reaction is one in which energy is released, often in the form of heat or light.

 

Question 117: What is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust?

Options:

A. Iron

B. Aluminum

C. Copper

D. Silver

Answer: B. Aluminum

Explanation: Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust, widely used due to its properties and abundance.

 

Question 118: What type of celestial body is a comet?

Options:

A. Asteroid

B. Meteoroid

C. Planet

D. Small Solar System body

Answer: D. Small Solar System body

Explanation: A comet is a small Solar System body, composed of ice, dust, and rocky material, typically with a visible coma and tail.

 

Question 119: What is the primary function of the human skeleton?

Options:

A. Movement

B. Energy storage

C. Blood production

D. Support and protection

Answer: D. Support and protection

Explanation: The primary function of the human skeleton is to provide support and protection to the body’s vital organs and structure.

 

Question 120: What is the term for a chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons?

Options:

A. Covalent bond

B. Ionic bond

C. Hydrogen bond

D. Metallic bond

Answer: B. Ionic bond

Explanation: An ionic bond is formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in attraction between oppositely charged ions.

 

Question 121: What is the name of the galaxy that contains our solar system?

Options:

A. Andromeda Galaxy

B. Milky Way Galaxy

C. Whirlpool Galaxy

D. Triangulum Galaxy

Answer: B. Milky Way Galaxy

Explanation: The Milky Way Galaxy is the galaxy that contains our solar system, characterized by its spiral shape.

 

Question 122: Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere is closest to space?

Options:

A. Stratosphere

B. Mesosphere

C. Thermosphere

D. Exosphere

Answer: D. Exosphere

Explanation: The exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, closest to space.

 

Question 123: What is the name of the process by which water cycles from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back?

Options:

A. Evaporation

B. Condensation

C. Precipitation

D. Water cycle

Answer: D. Water cycle

Explanation: The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth, involving processes like evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

 

Question 124: What type of rock is formed from sediment deposition and subsequent pressure?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Mineral

Answer: A. Sedimentary

Explanation: Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediment, which is compacted and cemented over time.

 

Question 125: What is the term for an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis?

Options:

A. Herbivore

B. Carnivore

C. Autotroph

D. Heterotroph

Answer: C. Autotroph

Explanation: Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food through processes like photosynthesis, using energy from sunlight.

 

Question 126: What is the chemical symbol for iron?

Options:

A. Fe

B. Ir

C. I

D. In

Answer: A. Fe

Explanation: The chemical symbol for iron is Fe, from the Latin word ‘ferrum.’

 

Question 127: What is the primary function of white blood cells?

Options:

A. Carrying oxygen

B. Clotting blood

C. Fighting infections

D. Removing waste

Answer: C. Fighting infections

Explanation: White blood cells are primarily responsible for fighting infections and play a key role in the immune system.

 

Question 128: What planet is known for its distinctive rings?

Options:

A. Jupiter

B. Saturn

C. Uranus

D. Neptune

Answer: B. Saturn

Explanation: Saturn is known for its distinctive and prominent ring system, which is made up of ice, rock, and dust particles.

 

Question 129: What is the term for a change in a gene or chromosome?

Options:

A. Mutation

B. Adaptation

C. Evolution

D. Variation

Answer: A. Mutation

Explanation: A mutation is a change in a gene or chromosome, which can lead to changes in an organism’s traits or characteristics.

 

Question 130: What is the most abundant chemical element in the universe?

Options:

A. Helium

B. Hydrogen

C. Oxygen

D. Carbon

Answer: B. Hydrogen

Explanation: Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical element in the universe, making up about 75% of the universe’s baryonic mass.

 

Question 131: What phenomenon causes objects to fall to the ground on Earth?

Options:

A. Magnetism

B. Gravity

C. Friction

D. Air resistance

Answer: B. Gravity

Explanation: Gravity is the force that causes objects to fall to the ground on Earth, due to the attraction between the object and the Earth.

 

Question 132: What is the name of the process by which plants release oxygen?

Options:

A. Cellular respiration

B. Fermentation

C. Photosynthesis

D. Transpiration

Answer: C. Photosynthesis

Explanation: During photosynthesis, plants release oxygen as a by-product of converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight.

 

Question 133: What is the name of the smallest bone in the human body?

Options:

A. Femur

B. Tibia

C. Stapes

D. Humerus

Answer: C. Stapes

Explanation: The stapes is the smallest bone in the human body, located in the middle ear.

 

Question 134: What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Argon

Answer: B. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s atmosphere, making up about 78% of the atmosphere by volume.

 

Question 135: What is the term for the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas?

Options:

A. Melting

B. Boiling

C. Sublimation

D. Freezing

Answer: C. Sublimation

Explanation: Sublimation is the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through a liquid state.

 

Question 136: What gas is commonly known as laughing gas?

Options:

A. Carbon dioxide

B. Nitrous oxide

C. Helium

D. Methane

Answer: B. Nitrous oxide

Explanation: Nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas, is often used for its anesthetic and analgesic effects.

 

Question 137: What is the term for an animal that only eats plants?

Options:

A. Omnivore

B. Carnivore

C. Herbivore

D. Insectivore

Answer: C. Herbivore

Explanation: Herbivores are animals that only eat plants, such as cows, deer, and rabbits.

 

Question 138: What is the name of the force that tends to pull objects toward the center of the Earth?

Options:

A. Centrifugal force

B. Centripetal force

C. Gravitational force

D. Electromagnetic force

Answer: C. Gravitational force

Explanation: Gravitational force is the force that tends to pull objects toward the center of the Earth.

 

Question 139: What is the primary source of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Ocean evaporation

B. Volcanic eruptions

C. Photosynthesis

D. Decomposition

Answer: C. Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis, primarily carried out by plants and algae, is the primary source of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere.

 

Question 140: What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons?

Options:

A. Ionic bond

B. Covalent bond

C. Metallic bond

D. Hydrogen bond

Answer: B. Covalent bond

Explanation: A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

 

Question 141: What is the name of the largest ocean on Earth?

Options:

A. Atlantic Ocean

B. Pacific Ocean

C. Indian Ocean

D. Arctic Ocean

Answer: B. Pacific Ocean

Explanation: The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth, covering more than 30% of the planet’s surface.

 

Question 142: What is the name of the layer of the Earth that lies beneath the crust?

Options:

A. Mantle

B. Core

C. Lithosphere

D. Asthenosphere

Answer: A. Mantle

Explanation: The mantle lies directly beneath the Earth’s crust and is characterized by its solid silicate rock composition.

 

Question 143: What is the term for the movement of continents over the Earth’s surface?

Options:

A. Plate tectonics

B. Continental drift

C. Earthquake

D. Volcanism

Answer: B. Continental drift

Explanation: Continental drift is the movement of the Earth’s continents relative to each other, theorized by Alfred Wegener.

 

Question 144: What is the chemical formula for glucose?

Options:

A. C6H12O6

B. CO2

C. C2H6O

D. CH4

Answer: A. C6H12O6

Explanation: The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

 

Question 145: What is the name of the process in which a liquid changes to a gas?

Options:

A. Freezing

B. Evaporation

C. Condensation

D. Sublimation

Answer: B. Evaporation

Explanation: Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes to a gas at its surface, often due to heat.

 

Question 146: What type of animal is a whale?

Options:

A. Fish

B. Mammal

C. Reptile

D. Amphibian

Answer: B. Mammal

Explanation: Whales are mammals, characterized by their warm-blooded nature, live birth, and nursing of young.

 

Question 147: What is the name of the process by which plants lose water through their leaves?

Options:

A. Transpiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Respiration

D. Evaporation

Answer: A. Transpiration

Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which water is lost from plants through their leaves, mainly through small openings called stomata.

 

Question 148: What is the term for an organism that breaks down dead organic material?

Options:

A. Herbivore

B. Carnivore

C. Detritivore

D. Omnivore

Answer: C. Detritivore

Explanation: Detritivores are organisms that break down dead organic matter, playing a key role in the nutrient cycle.

 

Question 149: What is the name of the phenomenon where light from stars is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum?

Options:

A. Red shift

B. Blue shift

C. Doppler effect

D. Light dispersion

Answer: A. Red shift

Explanation: Red shift is a phenomenon observed in astronomy where the light from stars or galaxies is shifted towards the red end of the spectrum, indicating they are moving away from us.

 

Question 150: What is the term for the outer layer of the Earth’s atmosphere?

Options:

A. Troposphere

B. Stratosphere

C. Mesosphere

D. Exosphere

Answer: D. Exosphere

Explanation: The exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, where the atmosphere thins out into space.

 

Question 151: What type of blood cells are involved in clotting?

Options:

A. Red blood cells

B. White blood cells

C. Platelets

D. Plasma cells

Answer: C. Platelets

Explanation: Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are blood cells that are involved in the clotting process, helping to prevent bleeding.

 

Question 152: What is the name of the longest river in the world?

Options:

A. Amazon River

B. Nile River

C. Yangtze River

D. Mississippi River

Answer: B. Nile River

Explanation: The Nile River is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, flowing through northeastern Africa.

 

Question 153: What gas do humans exhale?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Argon

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Humans exhale carbon dioxide as a waste product of cellular respiration.

 

Question 154: What is the term for an organism that can live in extremely salty conditions?

Options:

A. Halophile

B. Thermophile

C. Acidophile

D. Psychrophile

Answer: A. Halophile

Explanation: Halophiles are organisms that thrive in environments with high concentrations of salt.

 

Question 155: What is the primary component of the Earth’s core?

Options:

A. Iron

B. Oxygen

C. Silicon

D. Aluminum

Answer: A. Iron

Explanation: The Earth’s core is primarily composed of iron, along with some nickel and other elements.

 

Question 156: What phenomenon is responsible for the changing phases of the Moon?

Options:

A. The Moon’s rotation

B. The Earth’s rotation

C. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth

D. The Earth’s orbit around the Sun

Answer: C. The Moon’s orbit around the Earth

Explanation: The changing phases of the Moon are due to its orbit around the Earth, changing the portion of the Moon that is illuminated by the Sun and visible from Earth.

 

Question 157: What is the term for the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environments?

Options:

A. Geology

B. Astronomy

C. Biology

D. Chemistry

Answer: C. Biology

Explanation: Biology is the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environments.

 

Question 158: What is the name of the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth?

Options:

A. Atmosphere

B. Hydrosphere

C. Lithosphere

D. Biosphere

Answer: A. Atmosphere

Explanation: The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth, composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen.

 

Question 159: What is the term for a group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky?

Options:

A. Galaxy

B. Constellation

C. Nebula

D. Star cluster

Answer: B. Constellation

Explanation: Constellations are groups of stars that form recognizable patterns in the night sky, used for navigation and storytelling.

 

Question 160: What is the primary function of the roots of a plant?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Support

C. Absorption of water and nutrients

D. Storage of food

Answer: C. Absorption of water and nutrients

Explanation: The primary function of plant roots is the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, anchoring the plant and storing food.

 

Question 161: What is the most common element in the human body?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon

C. Hydrogen

D. Nitrogen

Answer: A. Oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen is the most abundant element in the human body by mass, making up about 65% of the body’s total mass.

 

Question 162: What is the term for an animal that hunts and eats other animals?

Options:

A. Herbivore

B. Carnivore

C. Omnivore

D. Scavenger

Answer: B. Carnivore

Explanation: Carnivores are animals that primarily feed on other animals, hunting and eating them for food.

 

Question 163: What is the name of the layer of the Earth where earthquakes originate?

Options:

A. Crust

B. Mantle

C. Outer core

D. Lithosphere

Answer: D. Lithosphere

Explanation: Earthquakes originate in the Earth’s lithosphere, which includes the crust and the uppermost mantle.

 

Question 164: What is the chemical formula for table salt?

Options:

A. NaCl

B. KCl

C. H2O

D. CO2

Answer: A. NaCl

Explanation: The chemical formula for table salt, or sodium chloride, is NaCl.

 

Question 165: What is the term for a biological community and its physical environment?

Options:

A. Habitat

B. Ecosystem

C. Biosphere

D. Biome

Answer: B. Ecosystem

Explanation: An ecosystem refers to a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

 

Question 166: What gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Methane

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for the greenhouse effect, trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.

 

Question 167: What is the name of the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

Options:

A. Cellular respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Fermentation

D. Transpiration

Answer: B. Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

 

Question 168: What type of rock is formed by the accumulation and compaction of organic matter?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Fossiliferous

Answer: A. Sedimentary

Explanation: Sedimentary rocks are often formed by the accumulation and compaction of organic matter, along with other materials.

 

Question 169: What is the name of the process by which water is absorbed by a plant’s roots?

Options:

A. Osmosis

B. Transpiration

C. Photosynthesis

D. Respiration

Answer: A. Osmosis

Explanation: Osmosis is the process by which water is absorbed by a plant’s roots from the soil.

 

Question 170: What is the chemical symbol for carbon?

Options:

A. C

B. Co

C. Ca

D. Cu

Answer: A. C

Explanation: The chemical symbol for carbon is C, representing the element in the periodic table.

 

Question 171: What is the term for a young frog or toad?

Options:

A. Larva

B. Tadpole

C. Pupa

D. Nymph

Answer: B. Tadpole

Explanation: A tadpole is the term for the aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of a frog or toad.

 

Question 172: What is the primary gas that makes up the air we breathe?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Argon

Answer: B. Nitrogen

Explanation: Nitrogen is the primary gas in the air we breathe, making up about 78% of Earth’s atmosphere.

 

Question 173: What is the name of the process in which an organism makes more of its own kind?

Options:

A. Metabolism

B. Reproduction

C. Respiration

D. Growth

Answer: B. Reproduction

Explanation: Reproduction is the biological process by which an organism produces more of its own kind.

 

Question 174: What is the name of the galaxy nearest to the Milky Way?

Options:

A. Andromeda Galaxy

B. Triangulum Galaxy

C. Whirlpool Galaxy

D. Sombrero Galaxy

Answer: A. Andromeda Galaxy

Explanation: The Andromeda Galaxy is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way and is on a collision course with our galaxy.

 

Question 175: What is the term for a change in species over time?

Options:

A. Mutation

B. Adaptation

C. Evolution

D. Variation

Answer: C. Evolution

Explanation: Evolution is the term for the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

 

Question 176: What is the term for the process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment?

Options:

A. Homeostasis

B. Metabolism

C. Osmoregulation

D. Thermoregulation

Answer: A. Homeostasis

Explanation: Homeostasis is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

 

Question 177: What type of rock is formed under intense heat and pressure?

Options:

A. Sedimentary

B. Metamorphic

C. Igneous

D. Crystalline

Answer: B. Metamorphic

Explanation: Metamorphic rocks are formed under conditions of intense heat and pressure, altering the mineralogy, texture, and chemical composition of the original rock.

 

Question 178: What is the term for an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host?

Options:

A. Symbiont

B. Parasite

C. Predator

D. Commensal

Answer: B. Parasite

Explanation: A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food at the expense of its host.

 

Question 179: What is the name of the largest planet in our solar system?

Options:

A. Earth

B. Jupiter

C. Saturn

D. Neptune

Answer: B. Jupiter

Explanation: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, known for its massive size and prominent Great Red Spot.

 

Question 180: What is the term for a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time?

Options:

A. Community

B. Ecosystem

C. Population

D. Habitat

Answer: C. Population

Explanation: A population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time and interact with each other.

 

Question 181: What is the term for a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings?

Options:

A. Exothermic reaction

B. Endothermic reaction

C. Catalytic reaction

D. Reversible reaction

Answer: B. Endothermic reaction

Explanation: An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat, from its surroundings.

 

Question 182: What is the primary source of energy for Earth’s climate system?

Options:

A. Wind energy

B. The Sun

C. Geothermal energy

D. Ocean currents

Answer: B. The Sun

Explanation: The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth’s climate system, providing the heat and light that drive weather and climate patterns.

 

Question 183: What is the term for the process by which an organism breaks down food to release energy?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Digestion

C. Respiration

D. Fermentation

Answer: C. Respiration

Explanation: Respiration is the process by which organisms break down food to release energy, usually involving the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.

 

Question 184: What is the name of the smallest particle of a chemical element that retains its chemical properties?

Options:

A. Molecule

B. Atom

C. Compound

D. Ion

Answer: B. Atom

Explanation: An atom is the smallest particle of a chemical element that still retains the chemical properties of that element.

 

Question 185: What is the term for the movement of water from the roots to the leaves of a plant?

Options:

A. Transpiration

B. Osmosis

C. Capillary action

D. Absorption

Answer: C. Capillary action

Explanation: Capillary action is the movement of water within the spaces of a porous material, such as from the roots to the leaves of a plant.

 

Question 186: What is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust?

Options:

A. Iron

B. Aluminum

C. Silicon

D. Calcium

Answer: B. Aluminum

Explanation: Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust, widely used in various industries.

 

Question 187: What is the name of the process by which plants and other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy?

Options:

A. Fermentation

B. Cellular respiration

C. Photosynthesis

D. Chemosynthesis

Answer: C. Photosynthesis

Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.

 

Question 188: What type of celestial body is the Moon?

Options:

A. Star

B. Planet

C. Asteroid

D. Natural satellite

Answer: D. Natural satellite

Explanation: The Moon is a natural satellite of Earth, orbiting around our planet.

 

Question 189: What is the name of the process in which a gas turns into a liquid?

Options:

A. Evaporation

B. Condensation

C. Sublimation

D. Freezing

Answer: B. Condensation

Explanation: Condensation is the process by which a gas turns into a liquid, often as a result of cooling.

 

Question 190: What is the term for an organism that feeds on dead organic matter?

Options:

A. Predator

B. Herbivore

C. Parasite

D. Decomposer

Answer: D. Decomposer

Explanation: Decomposers are organisms that feed on dead organic matter, breaking it down into simpler substances.

 

Question 191: What is the primary gas found in the atmosphere of Mars?

Options:

A. Oxygen

B. Nitrogen

C. Carbon dioxide

D. Methane

Answer: C. Carbon dioxide

Explanation: The primary gas found in the atmosphere of Mars is carbon dioxide.

 

Question 192: What is the term for a group of cells that perform a similar function?

Options:

A. Organ

B. Tissue

C. System

D. Organism

Answer: B. Tissue

Explanation: Tissue is a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function.

 

Question 193: What is the chemical symbol for gold?

Options:

A. Au

B. Ag

C. Go

D. Gd

Answer: A. Au

Explanation: The chemical symbol for gold is Au, derived from the Latin word ‘aurum.’

 

Question 194: What is the term for an animal that only eats plants?

Options:

A. Carnivore

B. Omnivore

C. Herbivore

D. Insectivore

Answer: C. Herbivore

Explanation: Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively, such as cows, deer, and elephants.

 

Question 195: What is the name of the largest bone in the human body?

Options:

A. Femur

B. Tibia

C. Humerus

D. Radius

Answer: A. Femur

Explanation: The femur, or thigh bone, is the largest bone in the human body.

 

Question 196: What is the term for the change in a species over generations due to natural selection?

Options:

A. Adaptation

B. Evolution

C. Mutation

D. Variation

Answer: B. Evolution

Explanation: Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations, driven by the process of natural selection.

 

Question 197: What is the name of the star at the center of our solar system?

Options:

A. Sirius

B. Proxima Centauri

C. Alpha Centauri

D. The Sun

Answer: D. The Sun

Explanation: The Sun is the star at the center of our solar system, providing the necessary light and heat to sustain life on Earth.

 

Question 198: What is the term for an animal that hunts and feeds on other animals?

Options:

A. Herbivore

B. Predator

C. Scavenger

D. Parasite

Answer: B. Predator

Explanation: A predator is an animal that hunts and feeds on other animals for sustenance.

 

Question 199: What is the term for a volcanic eruption that is explosive and throws out large amounts of gas, ash, and magma?

Options:

A. Effusive eruption

B. Fissure eruption

C. Plinian eruption

D. Strombolian eruption

Answer: C. Plinian eruption

Explanation: Plinian eruptions are characterized by their explosive nature, emitting large amounts of gas, ash, and magma.

 

Question 200: What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere?

Options:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Transpiration

C. Evaporation

D. Condensation

Answer: B. Transpiration

Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere, primarily through the stomata in their leaves.